Farewell Address
  Full text of the Farewell Address made by Prophet Muhammad to all humanity during his Final Pilgrimage. Praise be to Allah. We glorify Him; we thank Him. We expect help from Him. We ask to be forgiven by Him and, with repentance, we turn to Him in obedience. We take refuge in Allah against the evil suggestions of our nafs and doing bad acts. Whomever Allah shows the truth, no one can ...

The Call of Prophet Muhammad within the Framework of His Exempla
The Quran qualifies Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) as the ‘preacher calling to Allah’ and expresses the duties laid upon him through commands such as ‘to give advice’, ‘to invite’, ‘to declare’ and ‘to warn’. He was given the responsibility to ‘warn’ and to ‘bring good news’ and thereby, he was identified as the one who ...

The Historical Basis of Tolerance in Islam
"That which We have revealed to thee of the Book is the Truth, -- confirming what was (revealed) before it: For God is assuredly -- with respect to his servants - well acquainted and fully observant." (Al-Fatir, 31)

"Nothing is said to thee that was not said to the apostles before thee." (Al-Fussilat, 43)

The idolaters were the first to be addressed by Islam and Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The People...

A Miracle Is The Statement of a Challange
Miracle (mujiza in Arabic) means “a wonderous event that can not be imitated and makes people feel powerless.” However, this frequently encountered word is not used in the Quran or in the hadiths (sayings of the Prophet). Instead, the words ayet (sign), ayat (signs), beyyine, delil(proof), delail (proofs) are adopted in the Quran to designate a miracle. Miracle, as a term denotes an e...

How and When Did The Miraj Take Place?
What Is Miraj?

Deriving from the root uruj meaning "to ascend, to rise," the word miraj means "a vehicle for ascending." As a term it refers to the Prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) ascension to the heavens and his rise to Allah's presence. Islamic sources generally take up the event of the miraj in two stages. The Prophet's journey in one night from the Masjid-i Haram to the Masjid-i Aqsa is called the i...

The Companions' Efforts to Memorize and Transcribe the Quran
Here we attempt to identify the reasons behind the ability of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad to protect the Quran and the sunnah (practices of the Prophet) and pass them on to the next generations without any omissions or additions.   Most of the Companions were illiterate. Their illiteracy meant that they memorized those things that were important. There were a few Companions who were...

Transcription of the Quran
The Quran was revealed to Muhammad (pbuh) who was brought up as an illiterate in an uneducated society. Therefore, when he became the Prophet, he paid special attention to guarding the revelations and spreading them to others. The order followed that he would first learn them by heart and then transmit them to other people around him. The following verse exemplifies this: “It is He Who has sent a...

The Prophet's Role in Receiving and Practicing the Revelation
Due to the fact that it may be difficult for ordinary people to directly receive the Divine message, owing to their nature and position, the message has been sent from the Divine world into the human world via angels to a human prophet, and the revelation has been simplified to a level at which it can be understood by human beings. The duty of the angel is to safely take the revelation, that is, ...

Wahy and Prophet Muhammad
Wahy (revelation), which literally means ‘to speak fast and secretly', ‘to command', ‘to inspire', ‘to imply or to refer to' or ‘to send a messenger' in Arabic, is a supernatural and mystic phenomenon that is described in the science of Islamic exegesis (tafsir) as revelation from Allah Almighty to His messengers in a manner, the nature of which i...

References to Prophet Muhammad in Divine Texts
There can be no doubt about the difficulty in examining such a broad and extensive subject as the references to Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)  in divine texts in a brief and rather limited article. For this reason, there is a need to clearly determine the limits of this study. Firstly, the efforts of Muslim scholars to establish the prophethood of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) with references to the Ho...

Image of Prophet Muhammad in the West
From the 12th century on, works by non-Muslims about the life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) began to appear alongside the works of Muslim scholars and researchers. Since the 19th century, with the help of the orientalists, a wide literature in this field has appeared, and in line with the different methods and techniques in social sciences, a methodology has been developed as well as a point of view...